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The 2024 presidential election was a pivotal event for the U.S., with former President Donald J. Trump winning back the White House as the 47th President and likely also gaining control of Congress with a conservative majority in the Supreme Court. Trump’s administration is likely to result in many changes to the United States at all levels.  We will focus only on the changes we expect in key areas like healthcare, immigration, and reproductive rights and IVF, all of which can potentially affect intended parents in their surrogacy or fertility journeys.  Here are some changes that the Trump administration may bring to the American legal system.  Healthcare: In the world of surrogacy, the Affordable Care Act (“ACA”) , which passed in 2010, has been helpful for intended parents and surrogates as open enrollment has allowed intended parents to choose surrogacy friendly policies for their surrogates, while the ACA also requires insurers to cover preexisting conditions, which include pregnancy.  The Trump administration has not stated it will repeal ACA or coverage for preexisting conditions, one of the most popular features of the ACA. However, the campaign sought to “offer more choices” by allowing insurers to create “risk pools,” which lets them raise insurance premiums for groups deemed risky. Different risk pools would likely include surrogates or pregnant women, potentially causing a sharp increase in insurance premiums for pregnant surrogates. Some surrogates might lose access to affordable insurance coverage. Should this change happen, which we rate as likely, the intended parents will likely face higher insurance costs for surrogates who do not have surrogacy friendly insurance.  Immigration: One of the biggest promises of the Trump campaign has been cracking down on immigration. For international intended parents, Trump threatens to issue an executive order on day 1 which will order agencies to deny citizenship to babies born in the US if no parent has a green card or is a citizen. Some international intended parents Trump previously made this threat during his first administration. In our opinion, while it is likely to occur, it is not likely to survive a court challenge. The Supreme Court ruled in United States v. Wong Kim Ark   back in 1898 that birth right citizenship applied to children born in the United States and an act of Congress could not prohibit a child born by foreigners in the US from becoming a citizen. An executive order by Trump would have less authority than an act of Congress, so we rate it is as unlikely to have an impact. Furthermore, Trump campaigned on mass deportations of undocumented immigrants and removing temporary status from some immigrants. This is not likely to affect intended parents, but intended parents should know the immigration status of their surrogates. Intended parents should not choose surrogates who do not have legal status in the United States, or who may have tenuous status (asylum), and definitely avoid surrogates who have only temporary status or promise to come to the US to give birth.  LGBTQ Parentage: Same-sex couples considering surrogacy may worry what impact a Trump administration or Project 2025 will have on their journey. While protections in areas of employment and education are likely targets, it is less clear what will happen with respect to parentage for LGBTQ couples.  It is advisable to secure extra legal documentation to recognize parental rights and not rely on only a birth certificate. For LGBTQ parents, obtaining a judgment or confirmatory adoption can ensure their rights as parents will survive future laws or decisions. In surrogacy journeys, this is normally done, but in most gamete donation cases, there is no judgment. Talk to your lawyer about if you are an LGBTQ parent without a parentage judgment or adoption order. IVF and Embryo Status: During his campaign, Trump offered to make IVF free to Americans with little detail on who would qualify, how it would be paid, or what services would be covered. At this point, this does not appear likely to be implemented. Earlier this year, Congress introduced a bill to establish a federal “Right to IVF,” which would protect individuals’ rights to decide disposition of their genetic material, but it failed to reach a vote in the Senate. With both the legislative and executive branches likely controlled by the Republican party, this bill has no hope of advancing. On the other hand, conservative groups who supported Trump such as the Heritage Foundation, support more regulations on the IVF industry and view the destruction of embryos as incompatible with their pro-life beliefs. As Trump has promised not to sign a federal abortion ban, changes may occur mostly at the state level, as courts interpret laws that define life beginning at conception with no exception for IVF.  Intended parents might wish to reconsider where they store their embryos, potentially moving embryos to states that do not have laws that treat embryos as persons.  Conclusion: In conclusion, this election will have many consequences, but the consequences for those pursuing third party reproductive journeys will not be immediate for most. A Trump executive order on birthright citizenship appears to be the most likely to have an immediate impact but it is also likely to be suspended while it is challenged in court. We will have specific advice for international intended parents if it is not immediately suspended.  If you are considering surrogacy as intended parents , or a potential surrogate , consulting with a surrogacy lawyer  is a good place to start. Especially in light of these potential new policies and a shift in leadership, the parties need an attorney who is resourceful and well-versed in the law. As Fellows of the Academy of Adoption & Assisted Reproduction Attorneys (AAAA) and the Academy of California Adoption-ART Lawyers (ACAL), Tsong Law Group brings extensive expertise to the practice of surrogacy law. Our award-winning lawyers are licensed in California, New York, Illinois, Washington, Oklahoma, and Arizona. For a free consultation in ART law, contact us now .

In October 2024, Italy made international headlines by passing one of the strictest surrogacy laws in the Western world. This controversial law not only bans surrogacy within Italy but also prohibits Italians from seeking surrogacy abroad. It classifies surrogacy as a universal crime that transcends borders, equating it with serious offenses like terrorism or genocide. The broad scope of this law extends beyond surrogates and intended parents, affecting Italian citizens employed as doctors, nurses, or in other roles related to surrogacy at foreign clinics. The creation and implementation of this law sparked heated debates and concerns across Italy and abroad, particularly within the LGBTQ+ community, reproductive rights advocates, and parts of the Italian medical and legal community.  Under this new law, Italian citizens involved in surrogacy abroad could face severe penalties, including up to two years in prison and heavy fines. Thelaw aims to discourage surrogacy entirely, believing that it exploits and commodifies the female’s bodies. However, many critics argue that the law is not driven by medical or ethical concerns, but rather is a political power move done by Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni to please her supporters and the conservative political base.   We sat down with German and Italian lawyer   Alexander Schuster  to find out more about the law. Schuster first studied surrogacy as an academic when Italy’s 2004 law was enacted, and his professional experience with surrogacy grew under its enforcement. The 2004 Law on Assisted Reproductive Techniques takes a very restrictive approach: using the term "procreation" rather than "human reproduction". It banned donor insemination, a restriction that was later declared unconstitutional in 2014. It also required  women to only transfer fresh embryos , but this was also found unconstitutional in 2009.  It also banned any form of surrogacy, including uncompensated surrogacy, and makes it a crime punishable by up to 2 years in prison and a fine of up to 1 million euros.   Why was this law passed?   Until 2004, there was no legal framework for medically assisted reproduction. The center-right government then restricted access to heterosexual couple, married or unmarried, of reproductive age with fertility issues, excluding single individuals, homosexual couples, and donor fertilization. The law also prohibited genetic testing and screening and cryopreservation, two restrictions that were later declared unconstitutional. Advertising, facilitating surrogacy, and commercializing gametes and embryos are declared crimes, though convictions are rare. Convictions for these crimes have essentially never occurred, and the four cases that have made it to the Supreme Court on surrogacy carried out abroad have all been overturned and the couples acquitted. In order to strengthen the criminal prohibition, the Italian Parliament has recently passed a law that extends the crime of surrogacy so that it applies to any Italian citizen, even if the conduct is carried out entirely abroad. So what we see now is actually the extension of the prior 2004 law, by a new center-right government.    Who exactly is covered by the new law?  Does it affect people living outside of Italy?   It applies to any Italian citizen, regardless of domicile. It applies to all citizens who advertise, organize and carry out the surrogacy. This includes not only the intended parents and the surrogate, but also any other professional involved, such as a facilitator who holds Italian citizenship, or even if a US judge holds Italian citizenship and approves a surrogacy agreement. What happens to surrogacy journeys which were already completed legally?   Criminal law cannot be applied retroactively. Once the child is born and the agreement is fully fulfilled, the IPs and everyone else are safe.  What is happening to Italian same sex couples who used donors or surrogates?    The law is drafted in a neutral way, so that gender and sexual orientation do not play a role. However, given the negative attitude of the Italian government towards homosexual couples, their main target, they face the highest risks. A birth certificate with a mother and a father doesn't trigger an investigation in most cases. Exceptions would be a woman with an age incompatible with pregnancy or a notice from an Italian consulate that there is high suspicion (which occurs for travel and birth in Ukraine). We will see how the authorities react when they receive a birth certificate with two fathers.  What happens to surrogacy journeys abroad that are in progress? What should these intended parents do?    The bill that was passed does not make any transitional provisions. When it comes to criminal law, caution is advised. There is a risk of prosecution if a child is born after the law comes into force and the birth certificate is presented to Italian registries. I expect that the law will be enforced around the last ten days of November. There are clearly many arguments against applying it to cases where the pregnancy was already underway, but the risk of criminal proceedings remains.   How will the government know if a child born abroad is born to a surrogate?   This is a good question. Italy cannot rely on the cooperation from countries where surrogacy is not illegal. Unless the IPs make some mistake, Italy may not be able to provide evidence of the "crime" and the burden of proof is clearly on the prosecutor. However, we will have to see what happens. In the first period of implementation, I fear that some conservative judges might find and punish on the basis of probability rather than the proper standard of "probability beyond reasonable doubt.” And this approach would affect gay male couples the most.  Are there any other important things should we know about the law?   In the last 20 years, parts of the 2004 law have been struck down several times by the Constitutional Court and brought into line with fundamental rights. There are strong arguments to challenge the constitutionality of extraterritorial jurisdiction over a minor offense by Italian standards (imprisonment cannot exceed two years unless there are exceptional aggravating circumstances). But Parliament also appoints one-third of the Court's judges, and this is a highly divisive issue.  I do not expect the law to have a de facto impact on Italians living abroad, but I do expect the law to plunge Italy into a state of uncertainty, if not chaos, over the next five years. Lawyers who used to assist intended parents will have to assess the risk of their own prosecution. In about five years, we will see if this extraterritorial crime is unconstitutional and how it will be enforced. Until then, many potential families will be prevented not only from realizing their dream, but also from remedying Italy's plummeting birth rate.  Conclusion: Italy’s new surrogacy ban has provoked strong reactions both domestically and internationally, and may be a model for other countries who seek to prohibit surrogacy abroad. By extending surrogacy prohibitions beyond Italy’s borders, it threatens those who are in the middle of their surrogacy journeys, as well as for surrogacy agents, and medical and legal professionals who have Italian citizenship. Mr. Schuster indicates the courts might stop the law as they have in the past, but that is cold comfort for the intended parents pursuing surrogacy who have to risk fines and imprisonment.  For Italian intended parents considering surrogacy, it’s essential to consult a knowledgeable lawyer who can provide guidance on Italy’s new surrogacy law.  At Tsong Law Group, we are here to support our international clients every step of the way, working closely with their international counsel to follow their advice and help families make informed decisions as they pursue their dreams of parenthood. Our surrogacy attorneys, licensed in California, Washington, New York, Arizona, Illinois, and Oklahoma, are ready to assist you through every stage of the journey. Contact us today.

Egg is a satirical drama written by Risa Mickenberg in 2018. The film stars Christina Hendricks (Mad Men), Alysia Reiner (Orange is the New Black), David Alan Basche, Anna Camp and Gbenga Akinnagbe (The Wire).  The movie portrays the interaction between two old friends, Tina (Alysia Reiner) and Karen (Christina Hendricks), who have starkly different views on motherhood during a get-together at Tina’s house. Upon Karen's arrival, Tina is surprised by how far along her friend’s pregnancy is, sparking a conversation about pregnancy and motherhood. Tina eventually reveals that she, too, is 'pregnant' but through a surrogate, which shocks her more conservative friend, Karen, and leads to a clash over what it truly means to be a mother. While their husbands, Wayne (Gbenga Akinnagbe) and Don (David Alan Basche), leave to comfort Tina's surrogate, Kiki (Anna Camp), Tina and Karen bond over heart-to-heart conversations about their marriages. However, tensions escalate when the husbands return with Kiki, and Wayne states that the baby belongs to him and Kiki, pushing the conflict to its peak. In the end, we can safely assume that Tina did not get to be the mother of the child.  Several red flags appear when they describe Kiki, the surrogate. Kiki is Wayne’s former employee who leads a carefree and unconventional lifestyle, lacks stable income, is dependent on her boyfriend for housing, and has not had a baby before.  Kiki is very impulsive, even stating that she would abort the baby if her boyfriend would take her back. She frequently oversteps her boundaries – maintaining constant direct contact with Tina and Wayne, being flirtatious with Wayne and Don, even asking Wayne to move in with her. All of these issues ultimately led to the breaking point for Tina and Wayne, and Wayne leaving in frustration. We will not spoil what happens next, though the reader may be able to guess. Realism in Surrogacy We hear of surrogacy journeys like this, ones undertaken between friends without legal contracts. So as strange as the match may be and the conscious choice of the intended parents not to use lawyers, this is not unrealistic. Tina’s rant on motherhood might be uncommon among any intended parent, but the trauma she and Wayne have from their child-loss and the pressure to have children is realistic. How Karen and Don react to the surrogacy is realistic depiction of negative reactions or stereotypes people may have about surrogacy.  Legal Aspects This is a gestational surrogacy not a traditional surrogacy, and the embryo is created from both Tina and Wayne’s gametes. New York, where this arrangement takes place, passed a law regulating gestational surrogacy in 2020. Prior to that, surrogacy was illegal in New York and the contracts were voidable. Tina explains early on that they rejected lawyers and the idea of a nuclear family:  Wayne would be a parent, and confusingly, so would Kiki, and Tina’s role was meant to be determined later.  Ideally, after a medical and psychological screening, all surrogacy arrangements should go through the legal contract stage to protect the expectations of both the surrogate  and the intended parents, where both parties are represented separately. The agreement typically outlines that, other than medical conditions that pose a threat to the surrogate’s life, all medical decisions regarding the baby are to be made by the intended parents.  Furthermore, such agreements clearly establish that the surrogate is only the carrier and has no parental rights. Had Tina and Wayne entered into their surrogacy arrangement with legal counsel, their lawyer would have ensured paperwork that would establish who the legal parents were, even in the event of death or divorce. Surrogacy is a long and complex journey and many things can go wrong, even in altruistic journeys between friends and family.  Lawyers are there to protect the interests of both parties. Unfortunately Tina did not use a lawyer and had to pay the ultimate price in the event of a divorce from Wayne. Conclusion EGG is currently streaming on Peacock. It is kind of like watching a three act play rather than a movie taking place in a single day. It’s a worthwhile watch if you are looking for a realistic surrogacy related drama at only 90 minutes long.  If you are considering surrogacy as intended parents, or a potential surrogate, consulting with a surrogacy lawyer is a good place to start. Even bohemian artists should not skip out on the legal stage.  As Fellows of the Academy of Adoption & Assisted Reproduction Attorneys (AAAA) and the Academy of California Adoption-ART Lawyers (ACAL), Tsong Law Group brings extensive expertise to the practice of surrogacy law. Our award-winning lawyers are licensed in California, New York, Illinois, Washington, Oklahoma, and Arizona.   For a free consultation in ART law, contact us now.

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) is a federal law that provides health insurance coverage to millions of Americans. Open enrollment is the period during which individuals can enroll in or change their health insurance plans. It is important for surrogacy journeys because it allows surrogates to choose insurance policies that cover surrogacy.  Under the ACA, any U.S. citizen or permanent resident can apply for major medical insurance as long as they do so during open enrollment, and premiums are the same no matter what pre-existing conditions they have. Surrogates, even if pregnant from their surrogacy, can sign up for this kind of insurance during their state’s open enrollment period. If you learn that your health insurance or maternity coverage does not include a surrogate pregnancy, look for an Affordable Care Act (ACA) plan on the marketplace during open enrollment.  ACA open enrollment is a crucial period during surrogacy journeys because it provides surrogates and intended parents the opportunity to choose a plan that will cover a surrogate pregnancy, and this may only be available during open enrollment. It's important to begin research as soon as possible to determine if the surrogate's current plan is surrogacy-friendly and if the ACA plan alternatives are friendly or friendlier. As we discussed in another article, some plans have  liens  that should be avoided, as they will raise the cost of the surrogacy journey.  Depending on your county of residence, the ACA marketplace may not provide any surrogate-friendly plans. However, there are still some options available. For example, Lloyd's of London is a company that provides insurance coverage for surrogacy pregnancy.  The following a chart of the state deadlines for open enrollment.   States Federal Open Enrollment Period for 2025 Plans Alabama November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Alaska November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Arizona November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Arkansas November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Delaware November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Florida November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Georgia November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Hawaii November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Illinois November 1, 2024 – January 15, 2025 Indiana November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Iowa November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Kansas November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Louisiana November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Michigan November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Mississippi November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Missouri November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Montana November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Nebraska November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) New Hampshire November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) North Carolina November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) North Dakota November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Ohio November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Oklahoma November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Oregon November 1, 2024 – January 15, 2025 South Carolina November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) South Dakota November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Tennessee November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Texas November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Utah November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Virginia November 1, 2024 – January 15, 2025 West Virginia November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Wisconsin November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Wyoming November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) State State Open Enrollment Period for 2025 Plans California November 1, 2024 – January 31, 2025 Colorado November 1, 2024 – January 15, 2025 Connecticut November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Idaho October 15, 2024 – December 15, 2024 Kentucky November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Maine November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Maryland November 1, 2024 – December 31, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) January 1, 2025 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Massachusetts November 1, 2024 – January 23, 2025 Minnesota November 1, 2024 – December 18, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 19, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Nevada November 1, 2024 – January 15, 2025 New Jersey November 1, 2024 – January 31, 2025 New Mexico November 1, 2024 – January 15, 2025 New York November 1,6 2024 – January 31, 2025 Pennsylvania November 1, 2024 – December 15, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) December 16, 2024 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Rhode Island November 1, 2024 – December 31, 2024 (Coverage starts on January 1) January 1, 2025 - January 15, 2025 (Coverage starts on February 1) Vermont November 1, 2024 – January 15, 2025 Washington DC November 1, 2024 – January 31, 2025 Washington November 1, 2024 – January 15, 2025 Conclusion In conclusion, Affordable Care Act open enrollment is important in many surrogacy journeys because it allows parties to find insurance policies for surrogates that cover their pregnancy and contain no surrogacy exclusions or liens. If you are a surrogate or intended parent, make sure the surrogate's insurance coverage has been reviewed by a professional and sign up for major medical insurance during open enrollment to ensure she is covered for a surrogacy pregnancy if her insurance does not cover surrogacy If you are committed to ensuring that your surrogacy journey aligns seamlessly with legal, financial, and healthcare aspects, don't hesitate to reach out to us. Our expert team, licensed in CA, NY, IL, WA, AZ, OK, is ready to provide the legal guidance and support you need. Contact us now.

The Kardashians are more than just a family; they're a cultural phenomenon, loved by many and criticized by others. Led by Kris Jenner, the family includes her daughters: Kim, Kourtney, Khloe, Kendall, and Kylie. From their reality TV show "Keeping Up with the Kardashians" to their success in fashion and business ventures, they've captured the world's attention. Yet, what truly sets them apart is their willingness to share personal experiences, including their journey through surrogacy, which has resonated deeply with millions of fans worldwide.  Gestational surrogacy , a practice where a woman carries and gives birth to a child that is genetically unrelated to her for another individual or couple, is becoming more well-known, especially among high-profile figures like the Kardashians. For celebrities facing fertility challenges, surrogacy offers a viable solution for family planning. It also provides privacy and control over the pregnancy and birth process, shielding them from invasive media attention while allowing them to expand their families. While not the first celebrities to use surrogacy for family building, the Kardashians are some of the first major celebrities to talk about their surrogacy experiences without shame. Through their openness, the Kardashians have humanized the surrogacy experience and sparked important conversations about infertility, pregnancy complications, and alternative paths to parenthood.   Disclaimer: It's important to note that the information provided in this article is for informational purposes only. We do not claim any affiliation with the Kardashians or their surrogacy journeys. The details presented here are based on publicly available information and should not be construed as legal advice or endorsement. Kim Kardashian faced health complications including placenta accreta during her pregnancies with North and Saint. She bravely chose surrogacy as a safer alternative to expand her family. Openly sharing her journey on "Keeping Up with the Kardashians" and social media, she welcomed her children Chicago and Psalm via surrogacy in 2017 and 2019, respectively. By transparently discussing her experiences, Kim advocates for surrogacy through conversations about reproductive autonomy and exploring family building options.    Kourtney Kardashian, the eldest of the Kardashian siblings, has openly expressed her desire to expand her family and explore alternative paths to parenthood. While she has not yet pursued surrogacy, Kourtney has been vocal about considering it as a viable option for future pregnancies. Recently, reports  have emerged that Kourtney Kardashian and her husband, Travis Barker, are contemplating surrogacy for their second child together. The couple may welcome a newborn next year following the recent arrival of their son, Rocky Thirteen Barker. According to insiders, the reality stars are considering surrogacy after Kourtney's 'difficult' pregnancy, which resulted in a terrifying health scare.    Khloe Kardashian openly shared her fertility struggles with the world. Despite years of trying to conceive naturally and undergoing various treatments, Khloe and her then-partner, Tristan Thompson, faced heartbreaking setbacks due to issues like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis. These challenges led them to consider surrogacy. In 2018, Khloe welcomed her son, Tatum, through surrogacy, marking a new chapter in her life.  Last June 2024, People reported that Khloé Kardashian suggests her brother Rob Kardashian could donate sperm to help Malika Haqq have another baby. Since Rob declined, Malika and Khloé are now exploring other options like using a sperm bank or a surrogate. Kylie Jenner, the youngest member of the Kardashian-Jenner family, has two children, Stormi and Wolf. Both pregnancies were carried to term without using a surrogate.    Kendall Jenner has not yet started a family or pursued surrogacy. However, in 2022, Kendall Jenner stated for her birthday she had a horse act as a surrogate for her to sire her a foal. The surrogacy journeys of the Kardashians reflect their resilience in the face of challenges. By being transparent about surrogacy, it has reshaped societal perceptions around alternative paths to parenthood.   As you embark on your journey, whether you are considering surrogacy or egg donation as an intended parent , or as a potential surrogate or egg donor , consulting with a surrogacy lawyer is a good place to start. As Fellows of the Academy of Adoption & Assisted Reproduction Attorneys (AAAA) and the Academy of California Adoption-ART Lawyers (ACAL), Tsong Law Group brings extensive expertise to the practice of surrogacy law. Our award-winning lawyers are licensed in California, New York, Illinois, Washington, Oklahoma, and Arizona. For a free consultation in ART law, contact us now.

If you are a surrogate, you might have wondered, "What if my intended parents no longer want the baby?" Once the surrogate is pregnant, the surrogacy agreement cannot be terminated while she remains pregnant, unless an incurable material breach were to occur where the surrogate is genetic related of the child.     Worst Case Scenarios: Intended Parents Backing Out      Intended parents who enter the surrogacy agreement as a couple can get divorced or separate  and then might no longer want the child they intended to raise together. What happens then? Will the surrogate have to be a parent? Our surrogacy contracts make sure to include a section for this scenario. Both parties prior to the embryo transfer will sign the agreement stating the intended parents both will remain parents of the child and the intended parents or an applicable court of law will determine who has custody.  This situation happened in a famous California case, In re Marriage of Buzzanca.   In Buzzanca, a donated embryo was implanted in the surrogate, the parents then divorced, and the intended father wanted to be found to be not the father. The surrogate also requested that she not be the mother. The court found that both intended parents were the parents because the child was procreated and born as a result of the medical procedure they consented to. Indeed, the court found that the intended father was the father even if the intended mother would assume full custody of the child.    What if there is a medical issue with the fetus and the intended parents do not want the child?  Again, the surrogacy agreement as well as state law will speak to what happens regarding whether intended parents can make a decision to terminate the pregnancy and when. In general, regardless of this provision and regardless of birth defects or abnormalities, the intended parents are still required by the surrogacy agreement to complete a parentage action and be adjudged the legal parents.     What if the intended parents run out of money in the middle of the pregnancy or stop payments contrary to the surrogacy agreement because they don’t want the child? This is a possibility in cases without an independent escrow company and why we urge the surrogate to ensure there is an independent and adequately funded escrow account in place. In some states like California, Illinois, and New York,  this is actually required by law, especially if there is an agency involved. As long as there is an escrow account in place that is sufficiently funded and the surrogate is not in breach of the agreement, the escrow holder should continue to make payments, even if the intended parents wish to stop the payments.     Another worst scenario would be if the intended parents disappear or pass away after the pregnancy.  In this situation, no parentage action would be filed by the intended parents. With respect to death or disability, our surrogacy contracts include an alternative guardian that the intended parents pick out during the negotiation phase and specify they should designate someone in their will to be a guardian. If the intended parents do not file a parentage action, the surrogate can file a parentage action herself and get a judgment that the intended parents are the parents.     One of the keys to every surrogacy arrangement is the gestational surrogacy agreement , a legal contract that clearly outlines and lists the responsibilities of both the intended parents and the surrogate. While the agreement is usually drafted by intended parents and might seem to favor them, the surrogate should have a separate attorney who will represent her vigorously to make sure not only that the contract is fair and what is expected and ensure that in no worst case scenario will intended parents be able to avoid a judgment of parentage. The surrogacy agreement should have a provision that the surrogate’s attorney can seek a parentage judgment if the intended parents do not do so timely and the surrogate’s attorney should be experienced enough to obtain a parentage judgment in the state with or without intended parents' cooperation.     Even if the surrogate breaches the agreement, the intended parents will still be legally responsible for taking custody of the child after its birth, so long as the surrogate is not the biological mother of the baby. While the surrogate may no longer get paid or may be responsible for damages from breach, the intended parents’ responsibility for the child remains intact.     If, after the parentage judgment is granted, the intended parents still do not wish to be the parents of their child, they can place the child for adoption. This is the legal way for intended parents to not be responsible for the child that is born. There are many prospective adoptive parents who would be interested in the adoption of a newborn, even one with disabilities or birth defects. If the intended parents do not pick up the child, the child will be taken by the state or county and placed into foster care.     We have written on the worst case scenario  of the surrogate not wanting to give the baby to intended parents. The results for the surrogate’s worst case scenario of being left with the baby is the same as the one for the intended parents. The worst case scenarios are rare and unlikely to happen, however, whether you are an intended parent or surrogate, you should choose counsel who is capable and experienced enough to navigate the situation and can ensure the surrogacy agreement addresses each scenario. The surrogacy lawyers at Tsong Law Group are capable of doing so. Licensed in California, New York, Arizona, Illinois, Washington and Oklahoma and with over 100 five star reviews on all reviewing platforms we are capable attorneys for your surrogacy journey. Contact us now.

Building a family can be an emotional and financial challenge . Surrogacy and in vitro fertilization (IVF) are valuable options for individuals and couples but the process can be expensive and complicated, so that’s where employer benefits come into play. By covering some of these costs as well as adoption costs, companies can make a huge difference for their employees. More and more companies are providing support for their employees’ family-building journeys. Among them are major players like Meta, Microsoft, Google, Walmart, and Starbucks. These companies are not just offering competitive salaries and healthcare benefits—they’re also providing support for surrogacy  and IVF. As the cost for pursuing surrogacy and IVF treatment increases, here’s a closer look at what these benefits mean and why they’re a big deal. What Do These Benefits Include? Financial Support . Many companies offer financial assistance for surrogacy and IVF procedures. This can include coverage for medical costs, medication, and other related expenses. For instance, Meta currently provides substantial financial aid to employees undergoing IVF treatments, covering a significant portion of the costs. Legal Insurance . Many companies also offer legal insurance, which has the benefit of offering discounts or covering legal fees for family building. A surrogacy or egg donation journey requires lawyers to draft or review their contract, and surrogacy cases will require parentage actions, so having legal insurance can eliminate this expense. Read more about legal insurance here.   Paid Time Off .  IVF and surrogacy can require multiple appointments and procedures. Companies like Microsoft offer paid leave specifically for employees going through IVF. This ensures that employees don’t have to choose between their treatment and their job. Counseling and Support Services . Emotional support is crucial during surrogacy and IVF. Companies such as Walmart provide access to counseling and support services to help employees navigate the emotional aspects of these journeys. Flexible Work Arrangements . Some companies like Starbucks understand that treatments and appointments can disrupt normal work schedules. To accommodate this, they offer flexible working hours and remote work options, helping employees balance their work and personal lives. More companies are leading the way in supporting their employees' family-building dreams by offering surrogacy benefits. These trailblazing companies go beyond standard healthcare benefits to provide financial support, paid leave, emotional counseling, and flexible work arrangements. According to the International Foundation of Employee Benefit plans, 40% of U.S. employers offer some form of fertility coverage. For example in 2024:   NVIDIA  (partnered with WINFertility) offers 100% surrogacy coverage, setting a new standard in the industry. Estee Lauder  provides up to $150,000 in surrogacy benefits. Snap Inc.  offers $80,000, and Netflix  (partnered Carrot Fertility) offers $90,000 per family, where both the employee and the employee’s spouse utilize the benefits. Walmart  (partnered with Kindbody) offers fertility and family-building care of up to $20,000.  Bain & Company (Fertifa)  , Bank of America (Progyny)  , The Boston Consulting Group (Progyny) , Tesla (Kindbody) , and  Chanel  all offer unlimited access to IVF treatments. KKR  (IVI RMA) , Pyramid Hotel Group, and  Spotify (Carrot Fertility) offer unlimited benefits for fertility treatments Companies like  Zillow  (Progyny) and Chobani  are starting to offer paid leave for non delivering parents following adoptions. Meta (Progyny) , Pinterest, Conair, and  the University of Maryland  (WINFertility) all offer $100,000 of coverage in fertility treatments.  Salesforce (Carrot Fertility) , Google (Carrot Fertility) , Linkedin (Progyny) , News Corporation, Disney (WINFertility, eligible full time and part time) , Morgan Stanley (Ovation Fertility) ,  and  Unilever  offer up to $75,000 in fertility benefits. This level of commitment shows that these companies value employee well-being and are dedicated to creating inclusive workplaces. If you’re curious about your company’s benefits, start by checking your employee handbook or contacting your HR department. They can provide detailed information on what’s covered and how to access these benefits.  Some people look for jobs, including part time jobs, for their IVF or third party reproduction benefits. Companies that offer fertility benefits to part time employees include Starbucks, Amazon, Walmart, Disney, and Tractor Supply Company.  Conclusion More and more companies are supporting employees by offering employee benefits that include coverage for surrogacy, IVF or adoption. If you’re considering surrogacy or IVF, a job that has these benefits will be an attractive feature. If you’re an employer, following these industry leaders by working with one of their fertility benefit partner companies could show your commitment to your employees’ well-being. Need help with surrogacy, adoption, or egg donation? At Tsong Law Group, our team of experienced lawyers is here to guide you. We’re licensed in California, Washington, New York, Arizona, Illinois, and Oklahoma, and we’re committed to making the legal process as clear and supportive as possible. Reach out to us today   to see how we can assist you through every step of your journey.

When starting a family formation journey, it's important to be prepared legally and financially. One way to help pay for your legal costs for your journey is with the assistance of legal insurance. What exactly is legal insurance, and how can it help you in your surrogacy journey? Let’s break it down in simple terms. Legal insurance is a special type of insurance that pays for legal services. Think of it like health insurance, but for legal matters—it can cover the costs of hiring a lawyer for things like reviewing contracts, handling disputes, or providing legal advice. In the context of your family formation case, legal insurance can be particularly helpful to cover costs of drafting or reviewing an agreement. ' A third party reproductive journey involves a range of legal documents and agreements between intended parents, surrogates, donors, and sometimes surrogacy agencies. These documents can include surrogacy agreements, which outline the responsibilities and expectations of all parties involved; egg, sperm, or embryo donation agreements, which detail the terms of donation and parental rights; and adoption paperwork, whether it is a straightforward adoption or one where an adoption is needed to confirm parental rights of a parent for a foreign surrogacy arrangement or for a parent in a sperm donation case. Having legal insurance can help cover the costs, saving you money. At Tsong Law Group, we recognize the value of accessible legal services, particularly for complex matters like surrogacy ,   adoptions , and  donations  involving eggs, sperm, or embryos. That’s why we accept major legal insurance plans from top providers inclu ding: MetLife Legal Plans , LegalEASE , and ARAG Legal Insurance . Each offers distinct advantages to help you navigate your legal needs with confidence. MetLife Legal Plans  provides comprehensive coverage at an affordable cost, with access to over 18,000 qualified attorneys nationwide. Employers that offer MetLife Legal Plans include major corporations like Microsoft, Bank of America, Ebay, Meta, Boeing and Morgan Stanley.  We are one of the few surrogacy law and adoption specialists under MetLife Legal Plans.  Your coverage will vary depending on your employer but for some, MetLife will cover 20 hours of reproductive law, which will cover egg donation cases, a surrogacy agreement and part of a surrogacy parentage action. For others, Metlife may not cover reproductive law, but you may still be eligible for four hours of out-of-scope services which will cover a gamete donation agreement or count towards a surrogacy contract.  To check your Metlife benefits, we need your eligibility ID or membership number.  LegalEASE  has been a trusted name in legal insurance since 1971, offering plans that are often provided as employee benefits. Employers offering LegalEASE include Target, Google, CVS, and Stanley Black & Decker. Known for their expansive attorney network of over 20,560 vetted professionals, LegalEASE makes it easy for members to connect with the right attorney through their unique Compatibility/Matching System. Some LegalEASE cases will pay for your attorneys fees in full, for other cases you will be entitled to a discount on flat and hourly attorney fee rates.  ARAG Legal Insurance  is another legal insurance offering to University of California employees, California state employees, and employees at companies like Wells Fargo, the Cigna Group,  Mattel, and Oracle. ARAG was one of the first to offer reproductive law benefits. We accept ARAG for some egg, sperm and gamete donations cases, foster adoptions, and surrogacy agreement reviews. Where coverage is not found, you may still be entitled to reductions in flat or hourly rates. An honorable mention goes to Men Having Babies , a private organization. Members of Men Having Babies are entitled to 10% discounts and larger discounts if they qualify for the Gay Parenting Assistance Program (GPAP) levels 1 or 2. By being qualified to provide services under these providers, Tsong Law Group provides an avenue for some clients to find discounts on their legal fees. Whether you’re navigating surrogacy, adoption, or other family-building options, we’re here to help you every step of the way.  If you’re interested in legal insurance, your first step should be to check with your employer. Many large employers offer legal insurance as part of their benefits package. Ask your Human Resources department if legal insurance is available to you and whether it covers surrogacy and related legal matters.  In addition to the main legal insurance providers, some workplaces offer other options like Workplace Options, a provider that partners with employers to offer legal services, and CLC (Certified Legal Counsel), which is another resource that some employers provide access to for various legal needs. These options can sometimes extend to cover surrogacy-related legal matters, so it’s worth exploring all the avenues available through your employer. Once you have your insurance or plan in place, the next step is to open up a case or matter, and you can then search for our name as a provider and request our service. We can assist you whether or not we are local to you, as long as you or your donor or your surrogate lives in one of our licensed states: California, Arizona, New York, Oklahoma, Illinois, and Washington.  Conclusion: The legal aspects of surrogacy, gamete donation, and adoption don’t have to be overwhelming. With the right legal insurance plan, you can have peace of mind knowing that your legal needs are covered, allowing you to focus on the joy of building your family. At Tsong Law Group, our experienced team of surrogacy, adoption and egg donation attorneys is here to guide you. We are licensed in California, Washington, New York, Arizona, Illinois, and Oklahoma.  Contact us today  to learn more about how we can support you on your surrogacy journey.

If you’re a Netflix subscriber, The Surrogacy (Madre de Alquiler), a Mexican telenovela drama might have caught your eye as a top 10 Netflix series in the US. It is a 24-episode drama that features a young girl who becomes a surrogate for a young and wealthy married couple. You might wonder as we did whether there will finally be a TV series with a nuanced, informed look at surrogacy or surrogates? In this series review blog, we will discuss the first two episodes for its depictions of surrogacy and its legal accuracy. The story opens in 2004 when surrogacy is still illegal in Mexico. Despite this, an influential and corrupt family targets Yeni, a young, naive woman who finds herself in a desperate situation when her father's freedom is on the line. To save her father, she agrees to become a surrogate for Julia and her husband, Carlos, who is heir to a powerful company. After successfully delivering the babies, everything changes. Depictions of Surrogacy and Its Legal Accuracy Sadly, the series makes very little effort towards factual accuracy. It is something of a legal and factual train wreck in how many things it can get wrong. Here are some inaccuracies spotted early on: Yeni, the surrogate, has never given birth before. Under ASRM guidelines, surrogates must have experience delivering babies so that the doctors know they are ideal candidates without complicated deliveries. Yeni would be a very unlikely candidate for a couple’s last embryo when there’s no telling if she has a history of miscarriages or whether she would deliver full term, or whether she would become attached or have psychological issues having never had a child before. Yeni agrees to be a surrogate after a short meeting while under pressure the whole time. She has no consultation with a doctor about the risks. It is also unclear whether she is compensated other than the room and board. Altruistic journeys happen between friends or family, not among strangers. Confinement in surrogacy is also a major red flag. In one scene, the family lawyer attempts to convince the doctor who will perform the IVF Procedure that she should do it even though surrogacy is illegal, it might eventually become legal in Mexico. She makes some inaccurate statements that surrogacy has a negative emotional impact on the surrogate and child. The intended parents have one embryo which splits into a boy and girl which is not scientifically possible. As a typical trope, the husband has an affair with Yeni, possibly impregnating her. This should not happen in gestational surrogacy arrangements. The family abandons one of the babies with Yeni. With regard to legal accuracy Yeni’s attorney (though she never actually retains him) is her dad’s criminal defense attorney who does not have her best interest at heart. In many states, the surrogate must have her own attorney of her choosing, ideally one who is a certified specialist of third-party reproduction law. The surrogacy contract appears to be just a two-page contract which Yeni has just a few minutes to review and sign it. Later, Yeni is repeatedly told that because she signed it, she is bound by the contract when it should be void as surrogacy is not yet legal in Mexico and apparently doesn’t give her the freedom to terminate the agreement . There is no confirmation of parentage through a court or administrative body, instead they do the old "baby swaperoo” whereby Julia pretends to deliver one of the children the day of the delivery. What about Surrogacy in Mexico today? Surrogacy in Mexico is somewhat a legal gray area. Previously, only the state of Tabasco recognized surrogacy. Recently, there has been an increase in commercial surrogacy in Mexico as apparently a Mexican Supreme Court decision legalized compensated surrogacy. Some Americans have been able to utilize surrogacy in states outside of Tabasco, however, if there is no law passed in the state of the Mexican surrogate, the surrogate may be listed as the mother on the birth certificate. To remove the surrogate and replace them with a spouse or partner on the child’s birth certificate, a stepparent adoption or confirmatory adoption will be needed in the United States, and this will require the consent and cooperation of the Mexican surrogate. Conclusion The Surrogacy, Netflix's latest Mexican drama, launched its 24 episodes of its first season on June 14, 2023. Given its popularity, many must find this a campy romp. But don't expect any kind of accuracy or insights as to surrogacy in Mexico or elsewhere. We just noted some of the inaccuracies in the first two episodes. Hopefully, viewers of The Surrogacy will know that outside the drama, surrogacy can be normal, ethical and not exploitative. If you want to learn more about surrogacy law follow us on our social media, subscribe to our blog and newsletter. If you are looking for an independent surrogacy lawyer for your surrogacy contract and want to avoid ending up like Yeni, contact us today.

Dhar Mann Studios is a popular YouTube producer who makes short films which come with a positive moral lesson for his fans, who are mostly kids and adolescents. In his recent short film with the sensational title "Surrogate HOLDS BABY For RANSOM, What Happens Is Shocking," he enters the world of surrogacy. The idea of the surrogate holding the child she is gestating for emotional or monetary ransom is nothing new in the movie industry with examples like The Sinister Surrogate,  When the Bough Breaks, and so on. It is extremely rare in the real world though. The most famous case would be the Baby M case in Michigan  which was a traditional surrogacy  case and occurred after the child’s birth.   Synopsis  The film opens with Intended Parents Sandra and Jeremy with Gestational Carrier Emily at their kitchen table. Emily asks the Intended Parents for an advance on her last pregnancy compensation check of $5,000, which the Intended Mother Sandra is happy to give. Emily leaves the house and we are introduced to Emily’s boyfriend Seth, her abusive partner and father of their child with a gambling addiction. We learn that the couple have been facing financial struggles, and Seth pressured Emily to become a surrogate from the start. After drinking and gambling away her last check, he devises a plan to steal from Sandra and Jeremy during their baby shower while Emily rests inside. Despite Emily’s efforts to stop Seth’s plan, Seth manages to steal Sandra’s expensive jewelry pieces and forces Emily to cover for him.   Sandra even offers Emily a credit card to use since her due date is nearing. Seth uses all the money he received from selling Sandra’s jewelry to gamble and takes the credit card to book them a flight to Mexico. He plans on forcing Emily to hold the baby for ransom.  Sandra and Jeremy confront Emily and Seth when they are arrested and escorted off the plane. Although Seth denies any illegal doing, Sandra reveals they have video footage of Seth stealing the jewelry which shows Emily was resisting his plans.   Sandra encourages Emily to leave Seth and reclaim her independence. The film ends with Emily realizing that staying with an abusive partner does her own biological daughter more harm.   How realistic is this portrayal of surrogacy?   Coercion and Manipulation. Seth manipulates Emily to become a surrogate for financial gain although she did not want to. In a legal surrogacy arrangement, there will be a recital that all parties should enter into the agreement voluntarily, willingly and without duress. While there are anecdotes of partners attempting to coerce women into surrogacy, it is our experience that  surrogacy in the United States is voluntary  and is not a result of financial duress. Most agencies will not take surrogates who are on government assistance to avoid situations of financial duress and we recommend independent intended parents follow this guideline as well.  Surrogacy Compensation.  Surrogacy arrangements typically have an escrow account which is a third-party escrow company or attorney that is responsible for making payments to the surrogate. In fact, in California, a third-party escrow or trust account is required for any surrogacy contract with an agency involved. In this case, the surrogacy appears to be independent, and Sandra writes a check to Emily which is an advance on her last payment as she states money is tight.  In our contracts, the parties agree they shall not contact each other to discuss financial issues they are having and to talk to the agency or attorney if they are having issues. However, in an independent arrangement, direct payments to the surrogate from intended parents may take place if there is no escrow. It is ill-advised to advance any payment before its scheduled time.   Sandra also gives Emily a credit card near her due date which is unrealistic and something we have never seen in a surrogacy agreement. There are maternity clothing allowances or even dietary allowances which could cover expenses that the credit card was contemplated for, and it is advisable to follow the contract rather than provide an open-ended credit card to the surrogate.  Including the Surrogate’s Partner in the Contract. While spouses of surrogates are almost always included in the surrogacy contract, it is a best practice to include the surrogate’s live-in-partner in the surrogacy agreement. It is further a good idea to do a criminal background check of all the parties including the surrogate’s partner. In this case, the intended parents did not even recognize Seth when they saw him in the car late. Best practices were not followed to learn that the surrogate has a partner late in her pregnancy.   Travel and Other Restrictions.  Surrogacy agreements typically prohibit travel after a certain gestational week, as travel out of state could result in an emergency birth and the surrogate’s health insurance or parentage order not being accepted in the state she gives birth in. International travel is prohibited for multiple reasons including health and legal reasons. Travel by air usually requires doctors’ permission from a legal standpoint. It’s unlikely a surrogate who is later than 32 weeks pregnant could get on a flight so easily without doctor’s permission.  Lastly, as an aside, Emily looks like she had a spray tan or has been to a tanning salon, and this might also be a violation of the surrogacy agreement.  Such restrictions are to ensure the health of the baby and prevent premature births or miscarriages.  Parentage Considerations.  It appears Emily is in her last trimester in this film as her compensation check is supposed to be her last one. In pre-birth order states,  with the proper attorney, legal parentage should have already been established in favor of the intended parents. In such states, the intended parents would be the parents and the surrogate’s cooperation might not be necessary. Traveling internationally would be the sticker though as Mexico might recognize the child as the surrogate’s.    Conclusion:   Dhar Mann’s films appeal to older children as his characters get into dangerous or difficult situations and either end up getting caught or making the right choice.  This film diverges from his normal subjects as it just jumps into the subject of surrogacy without explanation, so some children might be confused what exactly the arrangement is. Although the ending is positive, it might not be a good early example of surrogacy to show to your kids as it might make them fearful of surrogacy and feeling it lacks legal security, even though the surrogate in the end was never “holding the baby for ransom.” For kids who feel comfortable with surrogacy, this could be fine to show as entertainment and to understand other people’s situations.  Although this short film is short on realism, it is a step towards normalizing surrogacy, as it makes the moral dilemma no different to many other moral dilemmas Dhar Mann’s characters face in his other shorts. This short film has over 12 million views with positive feedback from its audience. For a short watch, it might be worth a view as long as you keep in mind it is not an accurate portrayal of the vast majority of surrogacy journeys.   If you are looking for a more legally secure journey than the one depicted in the Dhar Mann short, contact us now. Tsong Law Group's award-winning surrogacy lawyers, licensed across multiple states including California, New York, Illinois, Washington, Oklahoma, and Arizona, are dedicated to representing intended parents, surrogates, and donors.